Java解析带有未声明命名空间的xml

解析带有未声明命名空间的XML是Java中一个常见且重要的任务。XML（可扩展标记语言）是一种用于存储和传输数据的通用格式，它具有自我描述性和可扩展性的特点。然而，有时候我们可能会遇到一些未声明命名空间的XML文件，这就需要我们编写代码来解析并处理这些文件。

java
import org.w3c.dom.Document;
import org.w3c.dom.Element;
import org.w3c.dom.Node;
import org.w3c.dom.NodeList;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;
import java.io.File;
public class DomParserExample {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            File xmlFile = new File("example.xml");
            DocumentBuilderFactory dbFactory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
            DocumentBuilder dBuilder = dbFactory.newDocumentBuilder();
            Document doc = dBuilder.parse(xmlFile);
            doc.getDocumentElement().normalize();
            NodeList nodeList = doc.getElementsByTagName("book");
            for (int i = 0; i < nodeList.getLength(); i++) {
                Node node = nodeList.item(i);
                if (node.getNodeType() == Node.ELEMENT_NODE) {
                    Element element = (Element) node;
                    String title = element.getElementsByTagName("title").item(0).getTextContent();
                    String author = element.getElementsByTagName("author").item(0).getTextContent();
                    System.out.println("Title: " + title);
                    System.out.println("Author: " + author);
                }
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

java
import org.xml.sax.Attributes;
import org.xml.sax.SAXException;
import org.xml.sax.helpers.DefaultHandler;
import javax.xml.parsers.SAXParser;
import javax.xml.parsers.SAXParserFactory;
import java.io.File;
public class SaxParserExample {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            File xmlFile = new File("example.xml");
            SAXParserFactory factory = SAXParserFactory.newInstance();
            SAXParser saxParser = factory.newSAXParser();
            DefaultHandler handler = new DefaultHandler() {
                boolean isTitle = false;
                boolean isAuthor = false;
                @Override
                public void startElement(String uri, String localName, String qName, Attributes attributes) throws SAXException {
                    if (qName.equalsIgnoreCase("title")) {
                        isTitle = true;
                    }
                    if (qName.equalsIgnoreCase("author")) {
                        isAuthor = true;
                    }
                }
                @Override
                public void characters(char[] ch, int start, int length) throws SAXException {
                    if (isTitle) {
                        System.out.println("Title: " + new String(ch, start, length));
                        isTitle = false;
                    }
                    if (isAuthor) {
                        System.out.println("Author: " + new String(ch, start, length));
                        isAuthor = false;
                    }
                }
            };
            saxParser.parse(xmlFile, handler);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}