Django 中的电子邮件作为用户名

使用Django进行Web开发时，我们经常会遇到需要用户使用电子邮件作为用户名的需求。这种做法有许多好处，例如可以避免用户忘记用户名，同时也提高了用户的安全性。在本文中，我们将介绍如何在Django中实现使用电子邮件作为用户名，并提供一个案例代码来帮助大家更好地理解。

python
# settings.py
AUTH_USER_MODEL = 'myapp.CustomUser'

python
# models.py
from django.contrib.auth.models import AbstractBaseUser, PermissionsMixin
from django.db import models
from django.utils import timezone
class CustomUser(AbstractBaseUser, PermissionsMixin):
    email = models.EmailField(unique=True)
    is_staff = models.BooleanField(default=False)
    is_active = models.BooleanField(default=True)
    date_joined = models.DateTimeField(default=timezone.now)
    USERNAME_FIELD = 'email'
    REQUIRED_FIELDS = []
    def __str__(self):
        return self.email

python
# managers.py
from django.contrib.auth.models import BaseUserManager
class CustomUserManager(BaseUserManager):
    def create_user(self, email, password=None, **extra_fields):
        if not email:
            raise ValueError('The Email field must be set')
        email = self.normalize_email(email)
        user = self.model(email=email, **extra_fields)
        user.set_password(password)
        user.save(using=self._db)
        return user
    def create_superuser(self, email, password=None, **extra_fields):
        extra_fields.setdefault('is_staff', True)
        extra_fields.setdefault('is_superuser', True)
        return self.create_user(email, password, **extra_fields)

python
# admin.py
from django.contrib import admin
from django.contrib.auth.admin import UserAdmin
from .models import CustomUser
from .managers import CustomUserManager
class CustomUserAdmin(UserAdmin):
    model = CustomUser
    list_display = ['email', 'is_staff', 'is_active']
    list_filter = ['is_staff', 'is_active']
    fieldsets = (
        (None, {'fields': ('email', 'password')}),
        ('Permissions', {'fields': ('is_staff', 'is_active')}),
    )
    add_fieldsets = (
        (None, {
            'classes': ('wide',),
            'fields': ('email', 'password1', 'password2', 'is_staff', 'is_active')}
        ),
    )
    search_fields = ['email']
    ordering = ['email']
admin.site.register(CustomUser, CustomUserAdmin)