Objective-C 多重初始化器

使用Objective-C编程语言时，经常会遇到需要为一个类提供多个初始化方法的情况。这些多重初始化器允许我们以不同的方式来初始化对象，以方便开发者根据自己的需求进行对象的创建和初始化。在本文中，我们将学习如何在Objective-C中实现多重初始化器，并通过示例代码来说明其用法。

objective-c
// Person.h
@interface Person : NSObject
@property (nonatomic, strong) NSString *name;
@property (nonatomic, assign) NSInteger age;
- (instancetype)initWithName:(NSString *)name;
- (instancetype)initWithAge:(NSInteger)age;
- (instancetype)initWithName:(NSString *)name age:(NSInteger)age;
@end
// Person.m
@implementation Person
- (instancetype)initWithName:(NSString *)name {
    self = [super init];
    if (self) {
        self.name = name;
    }
    return self;
}
- (instancetype)initWithAge:(NSInteger)age {
    self = [super init];
    if (self) {
        self.age = age;
    }
    return self;
}
- (instancetype)initWithName:(NSString *)name age:(NSInteger)age {
    self = [super init];
    if (self) {
        self.name = name;
        self.age = age;
    }
    return self;
}
@end

objective-c
Person *person1 = [[Person alloc] initWithName:@"Alice"];
Person *person2 = [[Person alloc] initWithAge:25];
Person *person3 = [[Person alloc] initWithName:@"Bob" age:30];